Both the EU and the British policy proppons are developing laws to promote the establishment of the hydrogen market, but this issue is still surrounded by many uncertainty about implementation.
BCG Survey results suggest It is unknown whether only 3 % of the surveyed EU industrial consumers to commit to an off -takes agreement that exceeds 5 years will be tracked frequently in a frame as a risk of frequently reducing competitiveness. Because it is as it is.
Some production of low -carbon and renewable hydrogen is need The gap between hydrogen raw materials and some energy demand is maintaining a gap between the prices that producers can provide hydrogen and the intention of consumers.
It still costs money
Hydrogen production and carbon capture and isolation (CCS) and pairing Double the priceThe cost of recycled hydrogen is doubled, but again.
Nevertheless, they are suspicious as technical and economic risks related to the development of hydrogen breeding in both forms. Energy strength, effectiveness, and reproducibility are still a challenge to provide green electricity to renewable hydrogen that impairs the trust of CCS.
EU’s policy creator introduced it Hydrogen bank This is to support public funds, mobilize private capital, and fill the gap between the cost and price buyer of the cost and price of low carbon and renewable hydrogen. It is combined with the assignment of sector set by member states, as obliged by Red III, to provide lift to this technology, but experts tend to agree that this is not enough.
The British government has launched a similar financing scheme Hydrogen production business model。 The EU and the UK approach provide sector support, but the size does not support the goals and resources assigned by major geographical economics competitors such as the United States and China.
Although European industrial policies regularly emphasize their importance, European industrial policies, which are inadequate hydrogen demand in Europe, are regularly emphasized (). Dragger reportfor example).
Backout
The EU and the European government have derived a huge number of resources to national champions, such as ITM power in the UK, German Sunfire and Siemens, but they are faced with headwinds as the manufacturing capacity of the world’s electron riser. 。 prediction Due to the demand by 2030.
Therefore, because executives point to buyers, policies, and fierce competition, there is a dark feeling in the sector.
A wider problem is to open the path to the expansion of a fossil fuel -based energy system that is released from (potential) hydrogen consumers and green hydrogen producers.
Oil and gas companies were eager I will suggest Hydrogen as hydrogen as a solution related to energy transition and pure zero energy system, inadequate energy security, inadequate public support, and priority shifts with lack of long -term off -takes contracts suppress their ambitions. 。
The most prominent is the Norway Equiner recently. Backout Develop and provide low -carbon fossil hydrogen to Germany as part of a billions of euros projects. Shell took Similar decision Similarly.
Substitute
Even if this is combined with CCS, maintaining the dependence on fossil gas is not a desirable option in my heart, but looking at the rehabilitation hydrogen issues, the lack of investment in this field is. Open a continuous dependence on fossil gas.
Oil and gas companies have never been welcomed by politicians after the Russian imports of Russia have not been welcomed by politicians after the import of European imports. The incentive to undertake risk is limited.
Executives continue to dialogue with policies and potential hydrogen buyers, along with some projects moving forward (eg, the Humber in the UK), but the overall pace of sector growth is a few years ago. It is far from what the incumbent and politicians foresee.
The bold and enthusiasm that the petroleum and gas companies pass on hydrogen were replaced by the state’s intervention and financially supporting energy transition.
Waiting
Society has a deep and annoying thing that public funding is established and maintains a social system that can be conveyed to oil and gas companies.
Therefore, there was a wealth of discussions on the need for hydrogen and future outstandingness, but it is necessary to establish an energy carrier market, so we are willing to expand the technology according to the goals set in advance. You cannot take it.
Buyers are waiting for the stability of subsidies and regulations, and producers are waiting for buyers to commit long -term commitments and provide sufficient funds for project development.
Hydrogen may be the necessary elements of the caloral energy system, but the most loud supporters do not want to risk investing in each technology, so the supply is not green. It is necessary to raise the question of whether or not.
This author
John Sabo is a fellow of DIW Berlin and at the same time as a fellow of the Economic and Regional Research Center. His research focuses on the connection of the energy society, especially in the context of energy transition.
